This dissertation questions the ways of living in Vietnam, at the intersection of urban planning, architecture and design. Starting out from Hanoi and the tube house, it seeks to understand how housing has been built in the face of contemporary challenges. The study highlights what densification and standardisation have eliminated, and why it is relevant to retain principles. Far from being an archaism, the tube house appears to be a potential answer to current challenges. Based on theoretical research and field observations, this work considers traditional expertise to be resources for considering today’s housing.